Most international studies referred to probabilities of success of about 15-20% per cycle for IUI.
The IUI (intrauterine insemination) is the deposition of sperm, the partner or donor, inside the uterine cavity through a catheter suitable. Should be made when there are ovulation (release of an oocyte by the ovary), in order to increase the probability of fertilization occurs.
Since the woman’s fallopian tubes are healthy, the IIU is a relatively simple infertility treatment, which may be differentiated in three steps:
Ovarian stimulation
Usually we use ovulation inducing drugs in order to increase efficiency in the insemination. Thus, through the use of these drugs (oral or injectable) induces the multiple follicular development, increasing the chances of success of insemination. In these cases, the development of egg follicles (within which are the eggs) is controlled by conducting periodic scans. When they reach the maturity level appropriate, is given an injection that helps to release your ovary. In these cases, the insemination must be made 36 to 40 hours later.
Sperm capacitation
The man’s sperm is prepared through training or preparation techniques seminal. With these techniques eliminate the ejaculated cellular debris, dead, real estate or slow sperm, getting a smaller volume but with high concentration of sperm with greater mobility and greater ability of fertilization.
Insemination
For the insemination procedure, the gynecologist uses a Speculum and inserts into the uterus a catheter (small tube and flexible) loaded with sperm resulting from the training. This is a quick process, which involves a few minutes. After the insemination woman must stand for a brief period and do your normal life.
The IIU can also be performed in non-stimulated cycles. In this case, the IIU is made between the 12th and 15th days of the menstrual cycle (where the first is the day in which appears the menstrual flow). May be necessary to carry out blood tests and/or scans to help determine the time of ovulation. When the sperm used in IUI’s, is normally collected on the day of insemination. In cases where it is not possible to collect on the same day, the sperm can be frozen beforehand, and defrosting held on of insemination. In situations where using donor sperm, thawing is also made on the same day, just cannot do the IUI if sperm present normal parameters or little changed from concentration, motility and morphology of sperm.
For what situations does the IUI?
-Problems of ejaculation (anatomical, psychological or nervous origin);
-Sperm Changes (variations in relation to the normal values of concentration or mobility);
-Situations in which the sperm are immobilised by the cervical mucus of women (which is sometimes too thick);
-Cases where the woman’s body produces antibodies that destroy the sperm;
-Unexplained infertility.
The IIU is also used in cases where it is necessary to resort to donor sperm. In these situations, the sperm used or from selected donors for own practice, or of foreign certificates, sperm banks with strict quality control methods. The donor must be anonymous and referenced by a code. The whole process should take place with full guarantee of confidentiality and with the informed consent of the couples in all steps.
Intrauterine insemination: success rates
Most international studies referred to probabilities of success of about 15-20% per cycle for IUI. For this reason must be a maximum of 3-4 inseminations, after which success rates decrease. In this way, it will be preferable to consider the use of in vitro fertilization in situations where the IIU is not successful.
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